Efectos del entrenamiento técnico de la brazada en la velocidad de nado estilo libre en nadadores de 12 años.
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.70577/hc6j2s35Keywords:
natación, técnica de brazada, entrenamiento de velocidad, biomecánica, nadadores jóvenes, desarrollo atlético, neuroplasticidad motriz.Abstract
La velocidad de traslación en la natación competitiva es un producto directo y matemáticamente cuantificable de la eficiencia propulsiva y la minimización del arrastre hidrodinámico, no una mera consecuencia del volumen kilométrico de entrenamiento acumulado. El presente estudio determinó los efectos agudos y subagudos de un mesociclo de 8 semanas, rigurosamente focalizado en la optimización biomecánica de la brazada, sobre el rendimiento de máxima velocidad en nadadores de 12 años. Se aplicó un diseño pre-experimental (pretest-postest) a una muestra intencional (n=4) de atletas con perfil de alto rendimiento y especialización en pruebas de velocidad. Las variables dependientes sometidas a escrutinio fueron el tiempo cronometrado en 50m estilo libre, el conteo de brazadas (CB) y la longitud de brazada (LB). El análisis inferencial, ejecutado mediante una prueba T de Student para muestras relacionadas, reveló una reducción estadísticamente significativa del tiempo de ejecución en la prueba de 50m (p< 0,05) y del CB (p < 0,05), afín a un incremento altamente significativo en la LB (p < 0,05). Estos hallazgos sugieren fuertemente que la intervención técnica y la reprogramación neuromotriz constituyen factores causales primarios en la maximización del rendimiento, validando la urgencia de priorizar la calidad cinemática del movimiento sobre las cargas de volumen masivo durante las ventanas críticas del desarrollo atlético formativo.
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